Archive for August, 2006

Liquid-based explosives could easily down planes

Friday, August 11th, 2006

Cleverly disguised as common objects, bomb could be put together on flight

Friday, August 11, 2006
By Sonya Fatah
They were to board as many as 12 passenger planes heading to major U.S. destinations. Two bombers planned to get onto each aircraft. In their hand luggage they were going to carry liquid explosives concealed in apparently innocuous beverage containers and other “common objects.” Once aboard and flying at a high altitude, they would set off the explosives through a disposable camera flash. They expected to bring down plane after plane.

While it’s still too early to know precisely what was planned, information from officials speaking off the record and from published sources suggests that the attacks could have had a devastating impact.

They had planned to use peroxide-based explosives, an official FBI report said, and to insert a disposable camera flash into the explosive substance to detonate the bomb. Just how much damage liquid-based explosives could cause depends on the kind of chemicals involved and the quantities used. But forensic-chemistry, terrorism and air-aviation analysts agree that the impact of such explosions could easily either blow up a plane or kill passengers through inhaling toxic fumes after a fire.

Any oxidizing agent can be used in setting off an explosion, according to Dr. Ramesh Makhija, president of R&R Laboratories in Peterborough, Ont.

The standard recipe for an explosion involves an oxidant and a fuel. Scientists say putting together chemicals for an explosion requires some knowledge of ratios and properties but it isn’t rocket science.

“A first-year chemistry student could do it,” said Bob Burk, an associate professor of chemistry at Carleton University.

But Dr. Makhija says putting together such bombs isn’t that easy.

“Those who do this, they do a lot of practice first,” he said. “This is done by professionals.”

A variety of store-bought chemicals and products can be used to create explosives, with blasts ranging from the harmless to the very powerful. In a contained space, such as an aircraft toilet, an explosion triggered by a physical or electric shock could easily create a gaping hole in the pressurized airframe, analysts said.

“There are lots of explosives that are in liquid or gel form and all they need is some sort of spark,” said Jay Siegel, director of the forensic and investigative sciences program at Indiana University. “Anything that can generate electricity can be used to set off explosives. They use cellphones . . . now.”

Moreover, it is easy to mask these liquids as cosmetics and creams.

“Something like nitroglycerin is an oily liquid that can pass as nail polish and be used as a weapon,” Dr. Siegel said. White, slippery liquids that are explosive materials can easily be disguised as lotions and petroleum jelly. Similarly, hydrogen peroxide, which is a clear substance, looks like water.

An experiment to test the capacity of such combinations was carried out combining an easily bought hair cream, with sodium chlorate, or bleach, says Dr. Siegel.

“They used half a tube of Brylcreem and a cup full of sodium chlorate and they put a crater in the ground with it,” he said. “In a closed space like an airplane there is no question you can bring the whole plane down. Destroy it.”

In 1994, an al-Qaeda-linked operative, under the leadership of Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, set off liquid explosives on a Philippine Airlines plane bound for Japan. One passenger died and 10 others were injured. The attempt, part of the Bojinka Plot, was a failure. “[Al-Qaeda] learns from their successes but more importantly they learn from their failures. They messed up on mixing the explosives. What they have learnt since is that you don’t mix the explosives in advance. You mix them on location.”

Penetrating an aircraft’s fuselage isn’t difficult, according to Martin Rudd, director of the Canadian Centre of Intelligence and Security Studies. “You can picture a terrorist doing this mixture in the washroom, leaning against the fuselage, creating a puncture. At 30,000 feet you get an explosion by the on-rush of air and fracture the fuselage.”

Planes aren’t built to sustain explosive damage, said Andrew Thomas an aviation-security analyst who teaches at the University of Akron in Ohio, and has authored two books on aviation security. “Any time you mix explosives in a high-altitude environment with all that fuel, it’s not a good recipe.”

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Two men arrested in early morning attack on mosque

Thursday, August 10th, 2006

The Globe and Mail, August 10, 2006

By Sonya Fatah

 

Police arrested two men on eight charges in what they called a hate-crime investigation early yesterday morning at an east Toronto mosque. The men were arrested around 1:30 a.m., after worshippers discovered a damaged door and held two men until police arrived.

Several men were offering prayers early in the morning at the Madinah Mosque on Danforth Avenue when one of them was alerted by a loud banging on the door leading to a parking lot. The men rushed outdoors, saw the damaged door and caught up with the men in the parking lot.

The mosque’s caretaker, Ahmed Patel, an elderly, retired man, was sleeping when the incident occurred. The small group of worshippers took care of the situation, he said. Once they had caught the men, Mr. Patel said, the police were called. They arrived five minutes later.

There was a brief confrontation between the suspects and the worshippers, after which one of the suspects allegedly shoved a worshipper, said Detective Antonio Macias of 55 Division.

When the police arrested the men, they were in possession of a small axe or hatchet and a mallet. Police believe the mallet was used to damage the mosque door.

Det. Macias said both men were under the influence of alcohol.

They have been charged with mischief relating to religious property, possession of weapons dangerous to the public, and possession of burglar tools. One is also charged with disguise with intent for allegedly wearing a balaclava, and the other is also charged with assault.

Although there have been worries about backlash attacks ever since the June 2 arrests of 17 Muslim men on terrorism-related charges, there has been only one other incident.

The International Muslims Organization of Toronto mosque in Rexdale was vandalized on the weekend after those arrests. Mosque officials said they were certain the arrests were related to the attack, in which 25 windows and three glass doors were smashed.

There have been no incidents reported to police since then.

“This is an isolated incident and specific to these two gentlemen,” said Det. William Stanley of 55 Division.

Shawn Knott, 18, and Ryan Smith, 19, both of Toronto, were being held in custody overnight at 51 Division and are to appear for a bail hearing this morning.

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Loved ones bid soldier a final farewell

Wednesday, August 9th, 2006

The Globe and Mail, Wednesday August 9, 2006 

By SONYA FATAH

with a report from Canadian Press

CFB TRENTON, ONT. — Asombre mood hung in the air at the Canadian Forces Base in Trenton, Ont., as family and military personnel gathered to pay their last respects to Master Corporal Raymond Arndt, 32, who died in a traffic accident in Afghanistan on Aug. 5.

In a scene that’s becoming all too familiar at the eastern Ontario air force base, the casket, wrapped in the Canadian flag, was lowered from the grey Airbus and brought to a waiting hearse while the family stood by in a long, straight line.

Supported on either side by military personnel, MCpl. Arndt’s wife of nine months, Darcia, wept openly when the coffin first appeared.

Once the pallbearers had placed the coffin into the hearse, Ms. Arndt kissed a single long-stemmed red rose and placed it onto her husband’s coffin before almost collapsing. She was escorted by wheelchair to a waiting limousine.

MCpl. Arndt’s father, three sisters, mother-in-law, sister-in-law and two brothers-in-law each paused for several moments, weeping as they stood by the coffin.

Several military officers also followed the family in leaving flowers and tears behind.

CFB Trenton, also known as 8 Wing Trenton, is home to AIRCOM’s transport and search-and-rescue aircraft. It has hosted a number of repatriation ceremonies for fallen Canadian soldiers in recent weeks.

More than 60 people were in attendance yesterday at the ceremony for MCpl. Arndt, including Minister of National Defence Gordon O’Connor and Chief of Defence Staff General Rick Hillier.

MCpl. Arndt died after a large truck collided head-on with a Canadian G-Wagon that was part of a resupply convoy, about 35 kilometres southeast of Kandahar. Canadian troops engaged in their increasingly dangerous mission were still grieving four fallen comrades who died last Thursday when they received news of MCpl. Arndt’s death.

Private Kevin Dallaire, Sergeant Vaughn Ingram, Cpl. Bryce James Keller and Cpl. Christopher Reid were killed during fighting with Taliban forces west of Kandahar.

Their bodies were returned to CFB Trenton on Sunday evening.

MCpl. Arndt was a member of the Loyal Edmonton Regiment, which had until Saturday escaped unscathed from a mission that has seen five Canadians killed in action in just the past week. Since first deploying to Afghanistan in 2002, 25 Canadian soldiers and one diplomat have been killed.

Friends of the fallen soldier gathered in Edmonton on Sunday to remember MCpl. Arndt’s life and discuss the impact of his death.

Cpl. Greg Trudel, a close friend, said Sunday that MCpl. Arndt loved the military.

“For Ray, he’d always wanted a brother. He’d always bugged his parents over the fact he didn’t have a brother,” he said. “And when he decided to join the army, he found the brothers he was looking for.”

MCpl. Arndt was due to return home in less than two weeks. He grew up in the region of Edson, Alta.

Three other soldiers in MCpl. Arndt’s vehicle — all from the same regiment — were injured in the accident. One has returned to duty, but two suffered serious injuries.

Cpl. Jared Gagnon and Cpl. Ashley VanLeuween arrived at a U.S. military hospital in Landstuhl, Germany, on Sunday afternoon.

Cpl. Gagnon was listed in very serious condition, while Cpl. VanLeuween, who suffered a broken leg, ankle and ribs, was in stable condition.

Canada has about 2,200 soldiers in and around Kandahar, where Taliban resistance is strong.

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Caribana ends on a family note

Tuesday, August 8th, 2006
The Globe and Mail, Tuesday, August 8, 2006
SONYA FATAH

The weekend’s Caribana parade was followed by parties and more parties that rocked late into the night, but at the family-friendly arts and culture festival yesterday at Olympic Island, the atmosphere was much more laid-back.

The closing event of the three-week-long Caribbean festival featured live calypso, soca and reggae music. And stalls offering the best in Caribbean cuisine featured a range of food from goat curry and jerk chicken to oxtail rice.

Organizers said 2006 was the most successful Caribana in the festival’s 39-year history. But, while visitors and Torontonians gave this years’ parade a thumbs up, others said the Olympic Island festival was disappointing.

There was also some disagreement about attendance figures.

Festival organizers said about 1.2-million people made their way to Lakeshore Boulevard to witness the dazzling array of costumed performers in Saturday’s parade.

“For the parade we had the largest number of spectators ever,” said Joe Halstead, chairman of the new festival organizing committee.

But Elsworth James, public relations director of the Caribbean Cultural Committee, which was prevented from running the festival this year amid a financial controversy, disagreed.

“This year there was a major drop in tourism. Last year we had more than one million [people at the parade]. You had way below that [this year]. I would say half of that.”

The Caribbean Cultural Committee owns the Caribana name and founded the festival, but lost the right to stage this year’s event after the city said it was ineligible for $400,000 in funding for failing to provide a proper audit of the 2005 event. The Toronto Mas Bands Association, responsible for the parade’s colourful bands, co-ordinated the festival this year, led by a city-appointed committee.

Conflicts between the groups has dogged Caribana this past year, but both Mr. Halstead and Mr. James said they wanted an amicable resolution.

Caribana enthusiasts say part of the problem is that there isn’t enough support in the community, in big business and in Canada in general.

Angie Rajkumar drove in from Mississauga for the arts and culture fest on Olympic Island. She was disappointed.

“When I came here last time, they had some really good bands. I heard that they are not getting enough funding to run Caribana. Somebody has to pay for some of the good bands from Trinidad, or wherever, to perform. A lot of the regular people won’t come today because of the performers. I’ve met a lot of first-timers.”

Despite tensions around the event planning, the festival attracted plenty of tourists.

“We are the pre-eminent multicultural city of North America in so far as diversity and cultural expressions are concerned,” said Mr. Halstead. “And for that, people come here. They like the feel of the city.”

Rob Angaw, a New Yorker who came to Toronto for the 10th year with a group of his friends, said he loved the festival. “This is what we come for. We come for all the activities every day.”

Festival organizers said they were pleased with the performance of the Toronto Police Service, which had more officers at events this year.

“They are not there as enforcers, they are there are community police people ensuring that people are safe,” Mr. Halstead said.

“We’ve had absolutely no serious concerns,” said Staff Sergeant Frank Besenthal, who spent the weekend attending Caribana events in an official capacity. “No injuries, no fights, no arguments.”

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A soldier’s mistaken identity

Saturday, August 5th, 2006

The Globe and Mail, Saturday, August 5, 2006

By SONYA FATAH

Sergeant Brad Worth survived an attack in Afghanistan on Wednesday with minor injuries, but family and friends in Canada could be forgiven for thinking otherwise.

Photographs released by the Department of National Defence of four soldiers killed on Thursday included Sgt. Worth’s photograph under Sergeant Vaughn Ingram’s name.

With the images released to major newspapers, including The Globe and Mail, and television stations, Sgt. Worth’s face was splashed across TV screens and front pages. The photograph was retracted close to midnight, too late for many publications to pull the image before their first editions reached readers.

His immediate family, including his parents, were spared the ordeal. Sgt. Worth called his mother’s home in Newmarket, Ont., at 10 p.m. on Thursday, and told his family that he had escaped with minor injuries. But relatives and friends across the country have been calling ever since his photograph was made public.

Neither his mother, nor his wife had seen the images before his call. But Sgt. Worth’s father-in-law, who lives in Petawawa, Ont., was watching the 11 p.m. news on television when he heard about the Kandahar attack and saw his son-in-law’s photograph.

“He’s severely upset,” said Jennifer, Sgt. Worth’s wife, who is visiting Newmarket from Edmonton with her two children, Jessica, 3, and Ethan, 1. “He was trying to get a hold of an MP in the area.”

Ms. Worth filed a complaint with the duty office associated with her husband’s unit. “A mistake was made, and it was a mistake,” she said, expressing relief that her husband is safe.

But she said the confusion caused an unending stream of phone calls from concerned friends. “We are from Ontario. We have friends all over the place.”

Information regarding the attack and the photographs that were made public came to DND’s Ottawa offices from Kandahar. The mix-up was attributed to human error, according to Lieutenant John Nethercott, a Defence spokesman. “We endeavour to provide the most accurate info as quickly as possible. In this case, a mistake was made and we deeply regret it.

“We will do what we can to make sure it does not happen again,” he said. “We have a duty to be correct.”

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Fearing for safety, Muslim official quits

Thursday, August 3rd, 2006

 

tarekfatah.jpg 

The Globe and Mail, Thursday, August 3, 2006

SONYA FATAH
Tarek Fatah, the outspoken, controversial communications director of the Muslim Canadian Congress, has resigned, citing concerns for his safety and that of his family.

Mr. Fatah said he will also resign from the MCC’s board, severing all official ties with the organization he helped found.

“It’s not just for me. It’s for my wife and my daughters,” he said in an interview.

“Part of it is also to get out of the limelight.”

Mr. Fatah’s socially liberal views have always been controversial within the Muslim community, and in the past month he has been the subject of an e-mail campaign aimed at the Canadian news media.

In his resignation letter to the board, Mr. Fatah wrote that he wanted to step down because of “an increasing heavy load of work.” He said he will stay on in his current capacity until the MCC finds a replacement.

Along with his resignation, Mr. Fatah has filed a report with Toronto Police detailing what he says are a number of threats he has received since 2003. A police investigation is under way.

“This has been a particularly stressful three months and I have tried to do my best and times I have succeeded and at other times messed up,” Mr. Fatah wrote in his resignation letter.

Mr. Fatah has always carried a high profile, both with the Muslim Canadian Congress — known for its liberal interpretations of Islam, including its support of homosexuality — and as the host of Muslim Chronicle, a CTS TV current-affairs show that focuses on the
Muslim community.

But in recent months, he said, he has been coming under increasing fire. There was the e-mail campaign and he is more worried than ever about threats after the arrests of 17 terrorism suspects in Toronto in early June.

Mr. Fatah’s unpopularity among conservative segments of the Muslim community is not surprising. He is a strong advocate of gay rights for Muslims and the inclusion of secular voices in the Muslim community. He publicly and vehemently opposed the adoption of
sharia law in Canada.

Recently, many Muslims were angered by his very vocal campaign against British imam Sheik Riyadh ul Haq, who ultimately was refused a visa to attend a conference in Toronto. Mr. Haq’s address was transmitted live by satellite instead.

Many Muslims have also accused Mr. Fatah of hogging the media spotlight.

He is frequently a subject of animated discussions on blogs and Internet chat forums, and early last month, a student group based in Montreal began bombarding five news outlets — The Globe and Mail, the Toronto Star, The Toronto Sun, CBC and CTV — with e-mails insisting that he does not represent the Muslim community and should not be recognized as a legitimate voice.

Mr. Fatah was quick to respond to accusations about his views.

“My position is that same-sex marriage is a human right and whether someone believes it is valid from a religious perspective is not the question. Most Muslims do not believe homosexuality is permitted but that is not the question,” he said.

Mr. Fatah has fiercely advocated for a separation of church and state, although he said he has no issue with sharia arbitration as long as it is not part of the state legal system.

Still, Mr. Fatah is controversial even in liberal circles.

“He has alienated a lot of people,” said Tariq Amin-Khan, assistant professor of politics and public administration at Ryerson University in Toronto.

Dr. Amin-Khan said Mr. Fatah’s understanding of current events is limited by his dismissal of the imperialist global agenda. “I don’t agree with many of the policies of the state, with right-wing agendas, white supremacist or mullah parties. But I find [Mr. Fatah's views] appalling. I find some of the stuff he says very, very disturbing.”

On June 30, Mr. Fatah was identified by the Canadian Islamic Congress as one of four people who are anti-Islam in an article in the CIC’s weekly Friday Magazine, which is sent to e-mail subscribers. The article, “Smearing Islam and Bashing Muslims, Who and Why,” was penned by Mohamed Elmasry, the CIC’s director and an adjunct professor in the department of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Waterloo.

The list, which also included Globe and Mail columnist Margaret Wente, was led by Mr. Fatah, whom Dr. Elmasry wrote “is well known in Canada for smearing Islam and bashing Muslims.”

Dr. Elmasry levelled similar accusations against the Muslim Canadian Congress last October.

Mr. Fatah said he is concerned because he understands the implication of statements such as “anti-Islam” and “smearing Islam.”

He said they are akin to fatwas, pronouncing blasphemy, a crime that under sharia law is punishable by death.

“Anyone can issue a fatwa,” Mr. Fatah said. ” And anyone can issue a counter-fatwa. There is no clergy that oversees the process. This is a complete hijacking of the system, and everyone is complicit.”

Wahida Valiante, vice-chair and national vice-president of the Canadian Islamic Congress, said there are “different versions and different ideologies” when asked whether the assertion amounted
to a fatwa.

“We’re not into fatwas,” she said. “We are not a religious body. We are looking into issues. If someone is misrepresenting facts, we simply address that.”

Mrs. Valiante said she had not read the article and could not refer to it directly. But she said that through her intimate exposure to the Muslim community, she felt confident that many people believe Mr. Fatah is smearing and misrepresenting Islam.

“Tarek Fatah’s views are diametrically opposed to most Muslims. There is a tremendous amount of discussion in the community. His point of view contradicts the fundamentals of Islam,” she said, refusing to elaborate on what she meant.

“The nature of the work we do implicitly entails that there will be people who don’t like what we do,” said El-Farouk Khaki, secretary-general of the Muslim Canadian Congress. The articulated hostility is par for the course for those who feel threatened by them, he said.

Mr. Khaki warned that police have to be sensitive to the reality that people who challenge established views so overtly are often in danger of being attacked.

Mr. Fatah has been attacked both physically and verbally, he said — at an Islamic conference at the former SkyDome in 2003, dozens of young Muslim men mobbed him while a cleric shouted out that he had insulted the Prophet Mohammed’s name. In 2006, he said, was accosted on Yonge Street by a man who accused him of being an apostate. His car windows were smashed.

He also wrote a letter to the RCMP about the article sent by e-mail by the Canadian Islamic Congress.

“This is as close as one can gets to issuing a death threat, as it places me as an apostate and blasphemer,” he wrote.

Mr. Fatah says it is this concern for his safety that has pushed him to hand in his resignation. He said he is planning to write a book.

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